Serve over HTTPS

For a public DNS name, refiroo can automatically obtain a trusted HTTPS certificate and renew it before it expires. Set PUBLIC_URL to the name’s HTTPS origin and start with compose.acme.yml: Caddy obtains a Let’s Encrypt or ZeroSSL certificate through ACME, with no certificate files to install or renew by hand.

Serve the browser application and engine paths through one public HTTPS origin. Set PUBLIC_URL to that origin before the first sign-in. The Compose reference installation keeps the engine and database private; only the entry service publishes ports.

Use your own certificates

The default WEB_TLS=files reads fullchain.pem and privkey.pem from ./certs, mounted read only. WEB_CERTS_DIR selects another host directory. Keep the private key secret and never commit it.

docker compose up -d --build

The web container redirects HTTP to PUBLIC_URL, serves HTTPS, and sends HSTS. Missing certificate files refuse its start and name the files. Replace files before expiry and reload them:

docker compose restart web

Here a restart is sufficient because it reloads mounted files, rather than changed environment values.

Rehearse locally with a self-signed certificate

For an isolated test on this host, use the base compose.yml without the automatic HTTPS overlay. In this shell, run unset COMPOSE_FILE if you selected that overlay earlier. Fill the required secrets as in installation, then set these uncommented lines in .env:

PUBLIC_URL=https://localhost:8543
WEB_TLS=files
WEB_HTTP_PORT=8580
WEB_HTTPS_PORT=8543

The port belongs in PUBLIC_URL: redirects and sign-in use that exact origin. These two WEB_*_PORT settings affect the base Compose file, not the Caddy overlay. Keep this test installation off public networks. From the checkout root, create the certificate pair:

mkdir -p certs
chmod 755 certs
umask 077
openssl req -x509 -newkey rsa:2048 -sha256 -nodes -days 7 \
  -keyout certs/privkey.pem -out certs/fullchain.pem \
  -subj /CN=localhost -addext subjectAltName=DNS:localhost

OpenSSL prints key-generation progress and writes both files. The certificate covers only localhost and expires after seven days. Do not reuse it for a public installation. Build web and let its unprivileged group read the pair:

docker compose build web
web_cert_group=$(docker compose run --rm --no-deps -T --entrypoint id web -g)
sudo chgrp "$web_cert_group" certs/fullchain.pem certs/privkey.pem
chmod 640 certs/fullchain.pem certs/privkey.pem

The build prints progress; the group and permission changes are silent on success. The private key stays readable only by its owner and that group. Check that the public-key hashes match, using the commands in the next section, then start and probe:

docker compose up -d --build
curl --fail --cacert certs/fullchain.pem https://localhost:8543/health
curl -I http://localhost:8580/

Expect readiness {"status":"ok"} and an HTTP redirect to https://localhost:8543. --cacert trusts this specific certificate for the probe. Your browser needs to trust it separately before sign-in. For this isolated test, import certs/fullchain.pem into the browser or operating system’s trusted certificate store. Import only the certificate, never privkey.pem. Remove that test trust when the rehearsal ends. The developer instance uses a separate local certificate-authority setup. Another computer’s localhost points to that computer, so this address is for local testing.

Check that a certificate and key match

Compare the two SHA-256 hashes of their public keys:

openssl x509 -in certs/fullchain.pem -pubkey -noout | openssl pkey -pubin -outform DER | openssl dgst -sha256
openssl pkey -in certs/privkey.pem -pubout -outform DER | openssl dgst -sha256

Both commands must succeed and print the same hash. A different hash means the certificate and private key are not a pair; obtain the matching files before starting web. This check does not establish trust or check the host name or expiry.

Get and renew public certificates automatically

The compose.acme.yml overlay adds Caddy 2 (caddy:2) in front of web. Caddy obtains and renews certificates from Let’s Encrypt or ZeroSSL using ACME, the protocol through which a certificate authority checks control of a domain and issues a certificate. The authority must be able to reach this public installation to complete its challenge. A local browser trusting the site is not enough.

1. Choose a public DNS name and point it at this host. Check that its DNS addresses lead here, including any published IPv6 address. Make inbound TCP 443 reachable from the internet: certificate issuance and renewal can use TLS-ALPN on that port alone. Port 80 is optional and only redirects people who type http://. You may leave it closed in the firewall. The overlay still binds both host ports, so neither may already belong to another service.

2. Set PUBLIC_URL in the private environment to the HTTPS origin for that name. The overlay publishes Caddy on host ports 80 and 443 directly; WEB_HTTP_PORT and WEB_HTTPS_PORT do not change those overlay ports.

3. If you want to supply a certificate contact address, add this global block above the site block in your installation’s caddy/Caddyfile, using your own address:

   {
     email operator@example.org
   }

4. Start with both files from the repository root:

   docker compose -f compose.yml -f compose.acme.yml up -d --build
   docker compose -f compose.yml -f compose.acme.yml logs --tail=100 caddy

   No ./certs directory or certificate files are needed. The overlay sets WEB_TLS=proxy, removes web’s published ports and certificate mount, and makes Caddy the only public entry. It forwards to web:8080, which forwards engine paths privately. Streaming responses flush immediately through Caddy. Keep both -f arguments on subsequent commands.

5. Check HTTPS readiness from the caller’s network. Check the HTTP redirect too if you opened port 80:

   curl -I http://refiroo.example.org/
   curl -i https://refiroo.example.org/health

   Substitute your real name. Expect readiness 200 with a trusted certificate. If port 80 is open, expect the HTTP request to redirect to HTTPS; if you left it closed, HTTP cannot connect. Follow the broader public checks before opening traffic. Never bypass certificate validation to call issuance successful.

Read the Caddyfile

Compose mounts ./caddy/Caddyfile read only at /etc/caddy/Caddyfile inside Caddy. Its site block is:

{$PUBLIC_URL} {
    reverse_proxy web:8080 {
        flush_interval -1
    }
}

Part	What it does
{$PUBLIC_URL}	Reads the HTTPS site address from Caddy’s environment. Changing the host also changes the certificate needed; coordinate DNS and sign-in settings.
reverse_proxy web:8080	Sends requests to private web over HTTP. Web serves the browser files and forwards engine paths; this is not the engine address.
flush_interval -1	Flushes streamed responses immediately, so job events arrive while a request is still open.
email operator@example.org	Optional global contact address, in the global block shown above. It is not an SMTP configuration or a substitute for expiry alerts.

After editing the mounted file, validate it with the command below, restart Caddy with both Compose files, then check the public site and a running job’s stream. To undo a file change, restore the previous Caddyfile and validate/restart again. To change PUBLIC_URL, recreate the containers that receive it; restarting alone retains their old environment. Keep caddy-data through either change.

Preserve certificates and renewal

Caddy’s /data is the caddy-data volume. It holds both certificates and the certificate authority account. Preserve it across container rebuilds and upgrades, and include it in protected storage backups. Do not remove it to force a retry: losing it causes new issuance requests, which the authorities rate limit. Caddy renews its managed certificates automatically; do not replace its managed files by hand. Keep DNS, inbound TCP 443 and Caddy available for renewals too. Port 80 may remain closed. An expired certificate can stop browsers, integrations and provider callbacks from connecting even while the engine itself remains ready. Monitor expiry outside the host as well as readiness.

Inspect the certificate actually served, rather than only a container’s state:

openssl s_client -connect refiroo.example.org:443 -servername refiroo.example.org </dev/null \
  | openssl x509 -noout -subject -issuer -dates

Check the host, issuer and expiry, then verify the trusted HTTPS request with curl or a browser. A contact address does not replace certificate-expiry monitoring.

If a certificate is not issued or renewed

Read bounded Caddy logs using both Compose files. A name resolving elsewhere or a blocked public TCP 443 prevents the authority’s TLS-ALPN challenge from reaching Caddy: correct DNS or the firewall, then check the next attempt in the logs. If DNS publishes both IPv4 and IPv6, both advertised paths must lead to the right entry. A host-port binding error requires freeing ports 80/443 or reviewing the chosen topology. If the log reports an authority rate limit, preserve the account volume and follow the retry time in that message instead of repeatedly recreating storage.

Check outbound connectivity from Caddy to the authority as well as inbound connectivity. A changed Caddyfile must parse successfully; inspect its error before restarting repeatedly. Validate the mounted file even when Caddy cannot start:

docker compose -f compose.yml -f compose.acme.yml run --rm --no-deps -T caddy \
  caddy validate --config /etc/caddy/Caddyfile --adapter caddyfile

Expect Valid configuration. After a valid change, restart Caddy with the same overlay arguments and repeat the public checks. Keep the existing caddy-data volume. This public flow is unsuitable for a name only your network knows: use your organisation’s certificate files. Caddy can use its own local authority for localhost, but that does not make its certificate publicly trusted or replace the development-device trust setup.

Put an HTTPS load balancer in front

Set WEB_TLS=proxy. The web container then serves HTTP on its internal port 8080 and uses the balancer’s X-Forwarded-Proto. Restrict its reachability to that balancer. Set WEB_TRUSTED_PROXIES to the balancer’s connecting addresses or ranges, comma separated. Its default is empty: nobody’s forwarded caller address is trusted. Then everyone appears to come from the balancer and shares an address for sign-in throttling. A malformed range stops web at startup with a message; correct the setting and recreate it.

The balancer must replace untrusted forwarded headers. Keep PUBLIC_URL as the external HTTPS origin. Do not publish the engine directly. Compose defaults FORWARDED_ALLOW_IPS to 10.0.0.0/8,172.16.0.0/12,192.168.0.0/16, the private ranges containing the web service. For another proxy or network, set FORWARDED_ALLOW_IPS in .env to the addresses or ranges that connect directly to the engine, then recreate it. This is separate from WEB_TRUSTED_PROXIES, which controls the balancer-to-web hop. A connection outside the engine’s trusted ranges keeps its connected address rather than the forwarded one.

Ports and uploads

Setting	Default	When to change it
WEB_HTTP_PORT	80	Host port for redirects, or HTTP behind your balancer.
WEB_HTTPS_PORT	443	Host port for TLS with certificate files.
WEB_MAX_BODY	256m	Maximum body accepted by web. Increase alongside IMPORT_MAX_BYTES for larger uploads.

Custom proxies must forward the engine paths, including /api, /oauth, /.well-known, /mcp, /docs, /openapi.json and /health. Job event streams must remain unbuffered and allow long-lived responses. /metrics stays private. Check readiness through the public origin after any proxy change. Several instances also need shared settings and storage.

Check prerequisites and certificate files

You need the chosen public DNS name, access to its DNS and firewall rules, and either a certificate and private key or a public name reachable by the certificate authority. TCP 443 must reach the HTTPS entry unless an organisation’s balancer owns it. Open port 80 only to offer HTTP redirects; it is not required for TLS-ALPN certificate issuance or renewal. The engine and PostgreSQL do not need public ports. For certificate mode, place a certificate covering your public host and its intermediate chain in fullchain.pem, and the matching private key in privkey.pem. The web container runs unprivileged: both files must be readable by that container user without exposing the private key to unrelated host users.

Before restarting a running web service, inspect the chain and expiry:

openssl x509 -in certs/fullchain.pem -noout -subject -issuer -dates

Expect your chosen host’s certificate and a future expiry date. This command inspects only the certificate file; it does not prove the private key matches or that browsers trust the chain. After supplying both files, start web and inspect its configuration:

docker compose up -d web
docker compose exec -T web nginx -t
docker compose logs --tail=100 web

A valid configuration reports syntax is ok and test is successful. This is an nginx check; complete the public tests below too. The entry script’s success line starts web: serving and names the public address, TLS mode and engine upstream.

Verify from the caller’s network

Replace the example name with your actual public host. Do not disable certificate validation:

curl -I http://refiroo.example.org/
curl -I https://refiroo.example.org/
curl -i https://refiroo.example.org/health
curl -i https://refiroo.example.org/metrics

With certificate files, expect HTTP 301 to the fixed HTTPS address, a successful HTTPS page, then HTTP 200 with {"status":"ok"} for readiness. Public /metrics must return 404. Check Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000, X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff, Referrer-Policy: same-origin, Content-Security-Policy: frame-ancestors 'none' and X-Frame-Options: DENY on the application response. Header names are case-insensitive. Automatic HTTPS also redirects HTTP when port 80 is open; with it closed the HTTP test cannot connect and can be skipped. In proxy mode the external balancer owns redirection.

Open the application in a browser and sign in. Open a running job’s page if jobs are used: updates should arrive without waiting for the response to close. The supplied nginx disables proxy buffering and sets read/send timeouts to one hour; custom balancers must preserve streaming and allow long responses too. HTTP/2 avoids the small per-site stream limit of HTTP/1.1 browsers.

Correct a web startup refusal

Exact message or quoted message fragment	Cause and recovery
web: WEB_TLS=files needs /opt/refiroo/rdm-engine/frontend/certs/fullchain.pem and /opt/refiroo/rdm-engine/frontend/certs/privkey.pem (the organisation's certificate and key).	Files are missing or unreadable. Mount the right host folder with readable certificate and key; restart web.
web: Mount them, or set WEB_TLS=proxy when a load balancer in front ends HTTPS.	Use proxy mode only with an actual trusted HTTPS terminator, then recreate web.
web: WEB_TLS must be 'files' or 'proxy', not	An unsupported mode was supplied; correct WEB_TLS and recreate web. The message includes the rejected value.
which is not an address or a range.	A WEB_TRUSTED_PROXIES entry is malformed; the preceding text names it. Supply comma-separated IP addresses or CIDR ranges.
web: Write addresses or ranges separated by commas, for example 10.0.0.0/8,192.168.1.5,fd00::/8.	Correct the named entry and recreate web; do not replace it with unrestricted trust.
web: PUBLIC_URL, the address people open (for example https://rdm.example.org), is not set.	Supply the public origin. Compose normally catches this missing value before starting web.

An nginx certificate/key parsing error needs the matching certificate files and correct permissions; read the bounded web log for its exact path and reason. A browser trust failure needs a valid chain trusted by the browser, not a retry with verification turned off.

Renew or undo a proxy change

For renewed mounted files, replace both files in the existing directory, run docker compose exec -T web nginx -t, then docker compose restart web and repeat the public checks. Keep the previous still-valid pair until the replacement is confirmed. For changes to WEB_TLS, ports, trust ranges or WEB_CERTS_DIR, use docker compose up -d web to recreate with the new environment or mounts. Revert the private settings and recreate again if those checks fail. Do not switch back to an expired certificate. For automatic certificates, preserve caddy-data and inspect Caddy’s logs rather than replacing its managed files manually.

Certificate protocols and browser caching

The supplied certificate-file configuration accepts TLS 1.2 and TLS 1.3 and enables HTTP/2. For proxy mode, protocol policy belongs to Caddy or your organisation’s HTTPS terminator.

Hashed files under /assets/ are cached for one year with immutable; a changed build gives them new names. The application page uses Cache-Control: no-cache so browsers check for an updated page. Preserve these rules in a custom proxy to avoid serving an old page after an upgrade.

Preserve the content security policies

The application sends a Content Security Policy that permits scripts and requests only to its own origin. Inline scripts stay blocked. Inline styles are allowed, including style attributes and the component library’s own style element. Fonts may come from the same origin or be embedded as inline data. Images may also use data: and blob: URLs. Plug-ins and framing are blocked, and forms submit only to the same origin. Keep the browser application and API on that one origin.

The engine’s sign-in pages, guide and API reference send their own policies. Sign-in permits its own passkey script where needed and forms to the engine and checked return address. The guide and API reference authorise their inline scripts by hash; the guide also permits WebAssembly search. These surfaces allow inline styles. Web adds a framing restriction to engine responses without replacing their policies.

An organisation’s proxy must preserve these headers. The application’s policy is in frontend/nginx/snippets/csp-app.inc.template in the web image, not an environment setting. Changing it requires rebuilding web; check the affected pages through the public origin after any proxy or image change.